Differential Equations - Exercise 6

We want to solve the differential equation:

$$ y'' - y = 0 $$

This is a second-order homogeneous linear differential equation with coefficients a=1, b=0, c=-1.

To proceed, we set up the characteristic equation using the auxiliary variable t:

$$ a \cdot t^2 + b \cdot t + c = 0 $$

Substituting a=1, b=0, c=-1 gives:

$$ t^2 - 1 = 0 $$

Solving for t:

$$ t^2 = 1 $$

$$ t = \pm 1 $$

Thus, the roots of the characteristic equation are t1 = 1 and t2 = -1.

Since these are two distinct real roots, the general solution of the differential equation is:

$$ y = c_1 \cdot e^{t_1 x} + c_2 \cdot e^{t_2 x} $$

$$ y = c_1 \cdot e^{x} + c_2 \cdot e^{-x} $$

This expression represents the general solution of the differential equation,

where c1 and c2 are arbitrary real constants.

And so on.

 
 

Please feel free to point out any errors or typos, or share suggestions to improve these notes. English isn't my first language, so if you notice any mistakes, let me know, and I'll be sure to fix them.

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Differential Equations

First-Order Differential Equations

Second-Order Differential Equations

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